Plastic Particles and Human Health: Addressing Analytical Challenges in Exposure Assessment

Plastic Particles and Human Health: Addressing Analytical Challenges in Exposure Assessment 
Prof. Kevin Thomas & Emerita Professor Sarah Dunlop

In recent years, the discovery of plastic particles in human tissues has raised important concerns about potential health impacts. This presentation explores the current state of research on plastic contamination in human organs, highlighting key findings and methodological challenges. Studies have reported occurrence of plastics in various tissues, including blood, lungs, brain, and placenta, with potential links to adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. However, the interpretation of these findings is often questioned due to contamination risks and limitations in analytical methods for particles in the size-range of highest concern for tissue penetration. Even newer techniques like pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry and energy dispersive x-ray analysis paired with scanning electron microscopy, while promising, face challenges in accurately identifying and quantifying plastic particles amidst complex biological matrices. The presentation will discuss the need for accepted protocols, contamination control measures, and comprehensive reporting guidelines to enhance the reliability, and confidence in the reliability, of microplastic research. Furthermore, the presentation will address the biological plausibility in evaluating evidence of detected plastics, considering whether the reported concentrations, particles' sizes and distribution align with established particle migration mechanisms through biological barriers. The importance of transparency in the detection criteria used and their limitations, data sharing and collaboration will be emphasized to ensure robust scientific practices and informed public health policies. By fostering a culture of rigorous standards and transparency, we can better understand human internal plastic particle exposure and inform effective strategies to mitigate its risks to human health.